Cardiac Pacemakers Overview
A cardiac pacemaker is an implanted device designed to regulate an individual's heartbeat. It is typically used for patients with arrhythmias, which are irregular heartbeats, or for those whose hearts beat too fast or too slow. The pacemaker emits signals that prompt the heart to maintain a correct and healthy rhythm, ensuring proper blood circulation and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
Candidates for a Pacemaker
The heart relies on the sinoatrial (SA) node, the body's natural pacemaker, to maintain a steady heartbeat. This natural pacemaker adjusts the heart rate based on the body's activity level and emotional state. When the heart fails to beat correctly, it can reduce the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain and other organs, causing symptoms such as lightheadedness, fatigue, fainting, and shortness of breath.
A cardiac pacemaker serves as a substitute for the body's natural pacemaker. This small, battery-operated device is implanted under the skin, just below the left collarbone, and helps to regulate the heartbeat by sending electronic signals to the heart when needed. There are three main types of cardiac pacemakers:
The Pacemaker Implantation Procedure
The implantation of a cardiac pacemaker is a surgical procedure performed by a doctor. The pacemaker comprises two main components: the pulse generator and the leads. The pulse generator contains the battery and the programming necessary to control the heartbeat, while the leads are wires that connect the generator to the heart, transmitting electrical signals to it.
Complications of Pacemaker Implantation
Although complications are rare, they can include infection, bleeding, or puncture of the heart or lung.
Results of Pacemaker Implantation
A cardiac pacemaker is an effective solution for managing and regulating heart rate. The battery of a pacemaker typically lasts between 7 to 10 years and requires regular check-ups. When the battery nears the end of its life, it should be replaced by a doctor to ensure continuous proper function.
